By Antonio Sencial intended to refer to a special category of journalists: the war correspondents. The first war correspondents in the strict sense that it has written notice are the Greek authors, Thucydides with his History of the Peloponnesian War, "which is a chronicle of war, which also participated actively, and Xenophon, who in his story or chronic Anabasis, tells of the adventures that the expedition suffered the Ten Thousand on his journey to Persia, which he joined in support to King Cyrus, consulting work after Alexander's invasion of Persian territory.
There are cases very striking writers have been writers before, at or after, war correspondents, some with active participation in relevant fronts, accompanied by their wives some, especially in the English civil war. We will try
So today some of the writers, war correspondents who participated war writing information for newspapers and magazines in different conflicts.
There are some well-known cases. One is that of Ernest Hemingway, who served as a correspondent in the English Civil War to work for sixty newspapers and American magazines, with his third wife, also a journalist, Martha Gellhom that wrote their stories of war more closely, more realistic, which is not never forgave her husband, while Hemingway apparently theirs sometimes splashed with some imaginative touches. He wrote the novel For Whom the Bell Tolls, whose plot takes place during the war and has been made into a film, which curiously is a character Karkov in Hemingway who said 'In the time was one of the three Spain's leading men. " Kharkov is the transcript of a real Soviet war correspondent, a confidant of Stalin, named Mikhail Koltsov, extremely powerful in those years.
Koltsov, a leading journalist from Pravda wrote Journal of the English war, of great value as evidence despite its propagandistic nature.
John dos Passos, which we referred in passing to 'Literature and Journalism', coincided with Hemingway during the English war to collaborate on the script for the documentary The English Earth, but after hearing about the disappearance of a English friend and translator his work, allegedly by the Soviet secret services, the final break with the communist ideology.
George Orwell, pen name of Eric Arthur Blair (George the patron of England, and Orwell by the river of the same name) whose best known works are Animal Farm and 1984, and joined the POUM militia in 1936-Workers' Party of Marxist Unification. As a consequence wrote Homage to Catalonia, where he describes his admiration for the organization of revolutionary anarchists Catalans. Wrote for the magazine New Weekly Inglés.
When the war began in 1936, André Malraux, is available to the government of the English Republic and reach the level of the Air Corps colonel arrived to lead the squad Spain. Months before had been in Spain as a delegate of the International Association for the Defense of Culture. From his experience he wrote Hope, a novel that describes the struggle of ideals that emerged in Spain by civil strife. He shot the film Sierra de Teruel, with a screenplay written in collaboration with Max Aub, telling some battles of the squadron.
not dwell too much, saying abbreviate also intervened in the English war as correspondents: Antoine de Saint-Exupery, George L. Steer, Indro Montanelli et al. I want to emphasize the involvement of the journalist Harold Kim Philby, pro-Soviet spy, who wrote a chronic so pleasing to the rebel side national deceived everyone and was decorated by General Franco. We have tried to
far from correspondents in the English war, but what about other wars? Mention some that I have always drawn attention.
Ernie Pyle has been understood by some the most widely read war correspondent. Carried out its work mainly during the Second World War and wrote over 700,000 words in the line of fire, ending his mission in the Pacific with the invasion of U.S. Marines on Iwo Jima, where he met his death at the hands of a sniper.
Another case that has always attracted me was that of Ambrose Bierce, American, which we discussed in our article 'Literature and dictionaries' which was an established writer and journalist when, 71 years old crossed the U.S. border. to Mexico, joining the revolutionary forces of Pancho Villa and lost his trail forever. In this article we refer to some of his works.
His life has been made into a film with the title of Red, one of his works. It was the American journalist John Silas Reed (our article 'Literature and Journalism "). Wrote to the Metropolitan Magazine as a war correspondent in the Mexican Revolution and in his most famous work, Ten Days That Shook the World, we realize the events surrounding the Bolshevik Revolution, who lived directly.
In Spain we have had great war correspondents, closely linked to the literature, which has covered numerous conflicts. Cite, among others, Alberto Vázquez-Figueroa, Arturo Perez Reverte, Manuel Leguineche, Alfonso Rojo, ... and, among others, Carmen Sarmiento, Maruja Torres, Nuria Varela, ... All these and they are also writers, some well-read.
14/11/2007 / Narradores.es
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